ABSTRACT
Trauma in the anterior teeth is a relatively common occurrence during childhood, having as main consequence teeth with incomplete root development and open apices. Patient, male, leucoderma, 10 years old, attended the Dental Clinic of the Southern University of the State of Santa Catarina, reporting as main complaint fracture in the crown of element 11. After clinical and radiographic examination, it was possible to identify the incomplete apexogenesis of this tooth and the presence of necrotic pulp. Aiming to stimulate neoformation of mineralized tissue at the dental apex, the calcium hydroxide based dressing was used. He remained for eight months, always with radiographic control. Apexification was observed radiographically and proved through the use of an instrument introduced inside the canal. The use of calcium hydroxide as intracanal medication for eight months stimulated mineralized tissue neoformation in the apical region of element 11 and allowed endodontic treatment.
ABSTRACT
The brachial plexus is a frequent site of traumatic, inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Anatomic variants are known to occur in up to 48% of cases, depending on the population being studied and imaging technique. Our objective was to describe the main anatomic variants in our specimens and to compare these with other populations. Ten side-matched anatomic specimens of unknown age and gender were preserved in formol. These specimens were dissected from the nerve roots at the cervical spine level to the axillary region, identifying each root, trunk and fascicle. In all specimens studied, the brachial plexus was of a classic type, originating from the fifth cervical to first thoracic roots. Anatomic variants described in the literature were reviewed. No anatomic variants were found in the present specimens. In conclusion, anatomic variants of the brachial plexus in our population seem to be rare; however, larger samples need to be studied before these results can be generalized to our population.